玉米-杂粕型日粮中添加不同植酸酶对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质及钙磷代谢的影响

选取720只24周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为8个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。8个处理分别为正对照组(PC)饲喂有效磷为0.36%的正常基础日粮,负对照组(NC)饲喂有效磷为0.16%的低磷日粮,其余试验组是在NC组日粮基础上分别添加两种植酸酶A或B各125、250、500 U/kg。其中植酸酶A是从大肠杆菌中提取,植酸酶B是从里氏木霉中提取。试验期为12周。结果表明:与PC组比较,NC和B500组产蛋率、平均蛋重和日采食量显著降低(P0.05),其他各添加植酸酶组恢复到PC组水平,各添加植酸酶组料蛋比和蛋品质无显著变化(P0.05);与PC组相比,NC组胫骨灰分、胫骨磷和血浆磷含量显著降低(P0.05),添加2种植酸酶组(除B500组外)恢复到PC组水平,B500组血浆磷含量显著低于PC组(P0.05),各试验组胫骨钙含量和血浆钙含量与PC组无显著差异(P0.05)。结果提示,低磷玉米-杂粕型日粮中添加2种植酸酶都能够缓解低磷引起的负效应,但2种植酸酶的最佳添加量不同,本试验条件下日粮中添加125 U/kg的植酸酶B或250 U/kg的植酸酶A都能满足蛋鸡对无机磷的需求。     

Therapeutic antibodies: their mechanisms of action and the pathological findings they induce in toxicity studies

Antibodies can swiftly provide therapeutics to target disease-related molecules discovered in genomic research. Antibody engineering techniques have been actively developed and these technological innovations have intensified the development of therapeutic antibodies. From the mid-1990’s, a series of therapeutic antibodies were launched that are now being used in clinic. The disease areas that therapeutic antibodies can target have subsequently expanded, and antibodies are currently utilized as pharmaceuticals for cancer, inflammatory disease, organ transplantation, cardiovascular disease, infection, respiratory disease, ophthalmologic disease, and so on. This paper briefly describes the modes of action of therapeutic antibodies. Several non-clinical study results of the pathological changes induced by therapeutic antibodies are also presented to aid the future assessment of the toxic potential of an antibody developed as a therapeutic.     

Induction of cell proliferation in the rat liver by the short-term administration of ethyl tertiary-butyl ether

In the present study, in continuation of our previous experiment in order to investigate the mode of action (MOA) of ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE) hepatotumorigenicity in rats, we aimed to examine alterations in cell proliferation, that are induced by short-term administration of ETBE. F344 rats were administered ETBE at doses of 0, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight twice a day by gavage for 3, 10, 17 and 28 days. It was found that the previously observed significant increase of P450 total content and hydroxyl radical levels after 7 days of ETBE administration, and 8-OHdG formation at day 14, accompanied by accumulation of CYP2B1/2B2, CYP3A1/3A2, CYP2C6, CYP2E1 and CYP1A1 and downregulation of DNA oxoguanine glycosylase 1, was preceded by induction of cell proliferation at day 3. Furthermore, we observed an increase in regenerative cell proliferation as a result of ETBE treatment at day 28, followed by induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by day 14. These results indicated that short-term administration of ETBE led to a significant early increase in cell proliferation activity associated with induction of oxidative stress, and to a regenerative cell proliferation as an adaptive response, which could contribute to the hepatotumorigenicity of ETBE in rats.     

加压因素对杨木单板压缩率和回弹率的影响

以速生杨木的边/心材单板为研究对象,对其进行水热密实化处理,通过单因素试验方法,分别研究了加压温度和加压压力对杨木边/心材单板的压缩率、气干24和48 h的厚度回弹率的影响,初步探讨了各个因素的作用机理.研究发现:各因素水平下,杨木边/心材单板的压缩率和厚度回弹率均呈现出一定的规律性,心材单板的压缩率高于边材单板,但厚度回弹率低于边材单板,且各因素的作用机理有所差异.边/心材单板水热密实化处理的较佳条件均为:加压温度150℃,加压压力5 MPa.     

配方施肥对毛竹林新竹生长及经济效益的影响

通过"3414"施肥试验,研究了不同N、P、K配方施肥对福建三明毛竹林新竹生长及竹林经济产出的影响。结果表明,N、P、K不同配方对新竹的成竹率、新竹胸径与新竹产量以及对竹林经济产出的影响差异显著。14个配方处理中,N2P3K2的新竹数最高,为对照的1.69倍;N2P2K2的新竹胸径和产量均为最大,分别为对照的1.09和1.91倍,且新竹叶片的N、P、K、Mg浓度最为均衡。该试验条件下,施尿素540 kg/hm2、硫酸钾135 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙450~675 kg/hm2,能较为有效地促进新竹生长与产量持续。各配方施肥对毛竹林的增产幅度为18.1%~192.4%,增产效益明显,N2P2K2的竹林产值最高,是对照的2.92倍,资金产出率(产投比)前3位为N2P2K2、N2P3K2和N2P2K3,分别是3.83,3.43和3.26,N素对新竹生长的影响最大,缺N素、P素试验的资金产出率低于无施肥处理。     

沼液施肥对杨树林地土壤微生物量碳氮的影响

沼液是沼气发酵过后的液体残留物,是一种优质的有机肥料。研究了不同沼液施肥对杨树林地土壤微生物量碳氮的影响。结果表明:施用沼液可以提高土壤微生物量碳、氮的含量,微生物量碳、氮含量增加范围分别为4.29%~61.62%和6.08%~76.10%,土壤微生物量碳氮含量随沼液施用量增加逐渐提高。土壤微生物量碳氮呈正相关。土壤微生物量碳氮比随沼液施用量增加逐渐下降,其变化范围为9.92~10.81,土壤微生物量碳氮比与微生物量碳、氮含量负相关。     

家具检测用环境舱恒温恒湿系统方案改进

对所研制的第一代环境舱恒温恒湿系统进行实验及分析,分析环境舱内壁结霜凝水以及检测甲醛和TVOC不够准确等问题产生的原因,并提出具有针对性的改进方案。实验表明,改进后的系统可有效解决上述问题,能够精确控制环境舱内部温湿度的恒定,从而保证环境舱在工作过程中对样品分析结果的准确性。     

切纸圆刀专用磨床及配套夹具的研制

对造纸行业切纸用的各种小型圆刀结构及研磨设备进行系统研究,研制出专用磨床,并对其传动原理、基本结构、安装调试、配套夹具设计等进行了介绍。     

人造板调施胶工艺过程自控系统设计

针对吉林某人造板厂调施胶生产线所面临的问题,基于OMRON C200HS开发了一套人造板调施胶工艺过程控制系统。笔者详细地介绍了开发人造板调施胶工艺过程自控系统的硬件实现和软件实现、自控系统的工作原理及所实现的功能。生产实践证明该自控系统能够满足调施胶工艺的各项性能指标要求,而且具有较强的鲁棒性,以及良好的抗干扰性。